UN Peacekeeping: Challenges and Reforms for Civilian Protection and Human Rights

Authors

  • Shahla Ahmed Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130012, P. R. China. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18485/fb_ijcss.2025.1.2.19

Keywords:

UN peacekeeping, civilian protection, human rights in conflict zones, UN peacekeeping missions, human rights violations in post-conflict areas

Abstract

This research explores the changing role of United Nations peacekeeping missions, focusing on their transition from conventional military duties to an emphasis on protecting civilians and promoting human rights. Employing a qualitative comparative case study method, it investigates three missions—Rwanda (UNAMIR), Bosnia (UNPROFOR), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC/MONUSCO)—through four specific criteria: outcomes related to civilian protection, accountability systems, resource distribution, and engagement with local communities. The results reveal significant progress in protection strategies and an increasing focus on human rights obligations, though significant deficiencies remain. Weak accountability structures, inconsistent enforcement of conduct standards, and ongoing resource deficits continue to weaken mission credibility and trust from local populations. The analysis posits that effective reform necessitates clearer, context-specific objectives; enhanced independent accountability systems; a more equitable distribution of resources that aids both security and recovery efforts; and compulsory, context-aware training in human rights and trauma-informed practices for peacekeepers. By integrating theoretical insights with cross-case empirical evaluation, this study offers practical recommendations for policymakers looking to enhance civilian protection in modern peacekeeping missions.

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Published

23.12.2025

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Contemporary Security Studies

Section

International Journal of Contemporary Security Studies

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Copyright (c) 2025 Shahla Ahmed (Author)

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How to Cite

Ahmed, S. (2025). UN Peacekeeping: Challenges and Reforms for Civilian Protection and Human Rights. International Journal of Contemporary Security Studies, 1(2), 245-254. https://doi.org/10.18485/fb_ijcss.2025.1.2.19

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